Hearing impairment, working life conditions, and gender

Lotta Coniavitis Gellerstedt; Berth Danermark

doi:10.1080/15017410409512654

Original Articles

Hearing impairment, working life conditions, and gender

Authors:

Lotta Coniavitis Gellerstedt ,

Swedish Institute of Disability Research, Örebro University, Sweden, SE

About Lotta Coniavitis

PhD, is a sociologist and senior researcher

Berth Danermark

Head of the Swedish Institute of Disability Research, Örebro University, Sweden, SE

About Berth

Professor of Sociology

Abstract

The purpose of this article is to examine differences and similarities in working conditions and health status between men and women with hearing impairments. This article is based on a material collected with a comprehensive questionnaire, looking at psycho‐social work environments and health status and answered by a total of 406 patients at two audiological clinics in Sweden. Examination of the data reveals a pattern of unfavourable conditions for hearing‐impaired persons/employees when compared to a reference group without auditory impairments. Hearing‐impaired women frequently find themselves in extremely trying situations. Health status is worse for those who are hearing impaired as compared to the reference group, especially for hearing impaired women The concept “double workload”; is discussed as a possible notion for further theoretical development of the issues discussed in this article.

How to Cite: Gellerstedt, L.C. and Danermark, B., 2004. Hearing impairment, working life conditions, and gender. Scandinavian Journal of Disability Research, 6(3), pp.225–245. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1080/15017410409512654

Published on 03 Jul 2004

Peer Reviewed

CC BY 4.0

References

Arvidsson , T. (2000). . Från förnekande till integration. En kvalitativ Studie av kvinnors fôrhåll‐ningssätt inför audiologisk rehabilitering. [From Denial to Integration. A qualitative study of women's attitudes when starting audiological rehabilitation]. , Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för särskilda specialiteter. Avdelningen för audiologi[city: Göteborg]: : Göteborg Universitet. .
Bildt , C. and Karlqvist , L. (2001). , eds. . Women's Conditions in Working Life. , Arbete och Hälsa 2001:17[city: Stockholm]: : Arbetslivs‐institutet. .
Backenroth , G. (1996). . Disabilities in Working Life – A Review of Swedish Research and some Theoretical Considerations. . European Psychologist , 1: : 278.–.
Barnes , C. , Oliver , M. and Barton , L. (2002). , eds. . Disability studies today. , [city: Cambridge]: : Polity Press. .
Bäckman , O. and Edling , C. (2000). . “Arbetsmiljö och arbetsrelaterade besvär under 1990‐talet [Working Conditions and Work Related Problems during the 1990ies]. ”. In Ar‐betsliv och hälsa 2000. , Edited by: Marklund , S. [city: Stockholm]: : Arbe‐tarskyddsstyrelsen och Arbetslivsinstitutet. .
Clausen , T. (2003). . Når hørelsen svigter [When Hearing Flinches]. , [city: Copenhagen]: : Social‐forskningsinstituttet. .
Corker , M. and Shakespeare , T. (2002). , eds. . Disabil‐ity/postmodernity: embodying disability theory. , [city: London]: : Continuum. .
Danermark , B. (). “A review of the psychosocial effects of hearing impairment in the working age population. ”. In The impact of genetic hearing impairment on people. , Edited by: Stephens , D. and Jones , L. [city: London]: : Whurr Publications. . (in press)..
Danermark , B. and Coniavitis Gellerstedt , L. (2004a). . Psychosocial Work Environment Hearing Impairment and Health. . International Journal of Audiology , 43: : 383.–.
Danermark , B. and Coniavitis Gellerstedt , L (2004b). . . Social Justice: Redistribution and Recognition ‐a Non‐reductionist Perspective on Disability. . Disability & Society , 19: : 339.–.
Danermark , B. and Coniavitis Gellerstedt , L. (2003). . Att höra till ‐ om hörselskadades psykosociala arbetsmiljö [Belonging ‐ On Psychosocial Working Conditions of people with Hearing Impairment]. , [city: Örebro]: : Örebro Universitet. .
Dunham , J. (2001). , ed. . Stress in the workplace. Past, present and future. , [city: London]: : Whurr Publ. .
Erdman , S. A. and Demorest , M. E. (1998). . Adjustment to Hearing Impairment II: Audiological and Demographic correlates. . Journal of Speech, Language and Hearing Research , 41: : 123.–.
. Family responsibilities ‐ How are they shared in European Households?. . Statistics in Focus, Population and Social Conditions, , : : 5. Eurostat 1997.
Fraser , N. (1995). . From Redistribution to Recognition? Dilemmas of Justice in a “Post‐Socialisf” Age. . New Left Review , 212: : 68.–.
Fredriksson , C. (2001). . Att lära sig leva med hörsel‐nedsättning sett ur ett parperspektiv [Couples Learning to Live with Hearing Impairment]. , Linköping and ÖrebroInstitute for Disability Research. . Diss. No 4.
Garland Thomson , IL (1997). . . “Feminist Theory, the Body, and the Disabled Figure”. . In The Disability Studies Reader. , Edited by: Davis . [city: London]: : Routledge. .
Goffman , E. (1984a). . The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life. , [city: Harmondsworth]: : Penguin. .
Goffman , E. (1984b). . Stigma. Notes on the Management of Spoiled Identity. , [city: Harmondsworth]: : Penguin. .
Goffman , E. (1967). . Interaction Ritual. , [city: New York]: : Anchor Books. .
Gullacksen , AC. (2002). . När hörsein sviktar. Om livsomställning och rehabilitering [When Hearing Funches. On Changes in Life and Rehabilitation]. , [city: Malmö]: : HAREC. .
Gullacksen , AC. (1993). . Hörselskadade i arbetslivet ‐ Ett stress/kontrollperspektiv [Hearing Impaired in Working Life ‐ A Stress/Control Perspective]. , [city: Lund]: : Socialhögskolan. .
Hallberg , R‐M (2002). . . “En riktig karl tål lite buller [A real man can take noise]. ”. In Arbetsliv och funktionshinder. , Edited by: Sjöberg , M. [city: Lund]: : Studentlit‐teratur. .
Hallberg , R‐M. (1996). . Occupational hearing loss: Coping and Family Life. . Scandinavian Audiol‐ogy , 25((Suppl 43)): : 25.–.
Hallberg , R‐M. and Barrenäs , M‐L. (1997). . Living with a male with a noise‐induced hearing loss: experiences from the perspective of spouses. . British Journal of Audiology , 27: : 255.–.
Hallberg , R‐M. and Barrenäs , M‐L. (1995). . Coping with noise‐induced hearing loss: experiences from the perspective of middle‐aged male victims. . British Journal of Audiology , 29: : 219.–.
Hallberg , R‐M and Jansson , G. (1996). . Women with noise‐induced hearing loss: an invisible group?. . British Journal of Audiology , 30: : 340.–.
Helmius , G. (2000). . “Handikapp och kön. Arbete och sexualitet i kvinnors vardag [Impairment and gender. Work and Sexuality in Every Day Life of Women]. ”. In Handikapp. Synsätt, principer, perspektiv. , Edited by: Tideman , M. [city: Lund]: : Studentlitteratur. .
Honneth , A. (1995). . The Struggle for Recognition. , [city: Cambridge]: : Polity Press. .
Härenstam , A. , Westberg , H , Karlqvist , L. , Leijon , O. , Rydbeck , A. , Waldenström , K. , Wiklund , P. , Nise , G. and Jansson , C. (2000). . Hur kan könsskillnader i arbets‐ och livsvillkor förstås? [How can gender differences in work and living conditions be understood? ]. , Arbete och Hälsa 2000:15[city: Stockholm]: : National Institute for Working Life. .
Johnson , J.V. (1986). . The Impact of Workplace Social Support. , Report 1/86[city: Stockholm]: : Stockholm University. . Dept of Psychology..
Karasek , R. and Theorell , T. (1990). . Healthy Work Stress, Productivity and the Reconstruction of Working Life. , [city: New York]: : Basic Books. .
Layder , D. (1997). . Modern Social Theories. , [city: London]: : UCL Press. .
Moss , P. (1999). . “Autobiographical notes on chronic illness. ”. In Mind and Body Spaces. Geographies of illness, impairment and disability. , Edited by: Butler , R. and Parr , H. [city: London and New York]: : Routledge. .
Parr , H. (1999). . “Bodies and psychiatric medicine: interpreting different geographies of mental health. ”. In Mind and Body Spaces. Geographies of illness, impairment and disability. , Edited by: Butler , R and Parr , H. [city: London and New York]: : Routledge. .
Roman , C. (1994). . Lika på olika villkor. Könssegregering i kunskapsföretag. [Equal on Unequal Terms. Gendersegregation in Knowl‐edgebased Firms]. , [city: Stockholm]: : Symposion Graduale. .
Schaufeli , W. and Enzmann , D. (1998). . The burnout companion to study and practice: a critical analysis. , [city: London]: : Taylor & Francis. .
Stephens , D. and Danemark , B. (). “Introduction. ”. In The impact of genetic hearing impairment on people. , Edited by: Stephens , D. and Jones , L. [city: London]: : Whurr Publ.. . (in press)..
Swedish Government Official Report SOU 2002:5 Handlingsplan för ökad hälsa i arbetslivet [Strategy towards Increased Health in Working Life]..
Swedish Government Official Report SOU 2001:56 Funktionshinder och välfärd [Impairment and Welfare]..
Swedish Work Environment Authority & Statistics Sweden (2002). . . Arbetsmiljön 2001 [The Work Environment 2001]. , Statistiskt Meddelande AM68 SM0201[city: Stockholm]: : Arbetsmüjöverket & Statistiska centralbyrån. .
Swedish Work Environment Authority & Statistics Sweden (2001). . . Negativ stress och ohälsa [Negative stress and illness]. , Information om Uthildning och Arbetsmarknad 2001:2[city: Stockholm]: : Arbetsmiljöverket och Statistiska Centralbyrån. .
Statistics Sweden (2003a). . . Funktionshindrade 1988–1999 [Disabled 1988–1999]. , Levnads‐förhållanden, Rapport 97[city: Stockholm]: : Statistics Sweden. .
Statistics Sweden (2003b). . . Tid för vardagsliv [Time for everyday life]. , Levnadsförhållanden, Rapport 99[city: Stockhohn]: : Statistics Sweden. .
Thomas , C. (2002). . “Disability Theory: Key Ideas, Issues and Thinkers. ”. In Disability Studies Today. , Edited by: Barnes , C. , Oliver , M. and Barton , L. [city: Cambridge and Oxford]: : Polity Press. .
Thomas , C. (1999). . Female Forms. Experiencing and understanding disability. , [city: Buckingham]: : Open University Press. .
Wendell , S. (1997). . “Towards a Feminist Theory of Disability. ”. In The Disability Studies Reader. , Edited by: Davis . [city: London]: : Routledge. .
World Health Organisation (2001). . . International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health,
Åberg , B. (2001). . Samarbete på könsblandade ar‐betsplatser [Co‐operation in Gender‐mixed Workplaces]. , [city: Örebro]: : Örebro Studies in Sociology 1. .

[CIT0001] Arvidsson , T. (2000). . Från förnekande till integration. En kvalitativ Studie av kvinnors fôrhåll‐ningssätt inför audiologisk rehabilitering. [From Denial to Integration. A qualitative study of women's attitudes when starting audiological rehabilitation]. , Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för särskilda specialiteter. Avdelningen för audiologi[city: Göteborg]: : Göteborg Universitet. .

[CIT0002] Bildt , C. and Karlqvist , L. (2001). , eds. . Women's Conditions in Working Life. , Arbete och Hälsa 2001:17[city: Stockholm]: : Arbetslivs‐institutet. .

[CIT0003] Backenroth , G. (1996). . Disabilities in Working Life – A Review of Swedish Research and some Theoretical Considerations. . European Psychologist , 1: : 278.–.

[CIT0004] Barnes , C. , Oliver , M. and Barton , L. (2002). , eds. . Disability studies today. , [city: Cambridge]: : Polity Press. .

[CIT0005] Bäckman , O. and Edling , C. (2000). . “Arbetsmiljö och arbetsrelaterade besvär under 1990‐talet [Working Conditions and Work Related Problems during the 1990ies]. ”. In Ar‐betsliv och hälsa 2000. , Edited by: Marklund , S. [city: Stockholm]: : Arbe‐tarskyddsstyrelsen och Arbetslivsinstitutet. .

[CIT0006] Clausen , T. (2003). . Når hørelsen svigter [When Hearing Flinches]. , [city: Copenhagen]: : Social‐forskningsinstituttet. .

[CIT0007] Corker , M. and Shakespeare , T. (2002). , eds. . Disabil‐ity/postmodernity: embodying disability theory. , [city: London]: : Continuum. .

[CIT0008] Danermark , B. (). “A review of the psychosocial effects of hearing impairment in the working age population. ”. In The impact of genetic hearing impairment on people. , Edited by: Stephens , D. and Jones , L. [city: London]: : Whurr Publications. . (in press)..

[CIT0009] Danermark , B. and Coniavitis Gellerstedt , L. (2004a). . Psychosocial Work Environment Hearing Impairment and Health. . International Journal of Audiology , 43: : 383.–.

[CIT0010] Danermark , B. and Coniavitis Gellerstedt , L (2004b). . . Social Justice: Redistribution and Recognition ‐a Non‐reductionist Perspective on Disability. . Disability & Society , 19: : 339.–.

[CIT0011] Danermark , B. and Coniavitis Gellerstedt , L. (2003). . Att höra till ‐ om hörselskadades psykosociala arbetsmiljö [Belonging ‐ On Psychosocial Working Conditions of people with Hearing Impairment]. , [city: Örebro]: : Örebro Universitet. .

[CIT0012] Dunham , J. (2001). , ed. . Stress in the workplace. Past, present and future. , [city: London]: : Whurr Publ. .

[CIT0013] Erdman , S. A. and Demorest , M. E. (1998). . Adjustment to Hearing Impairment II: Audiological and Demographic correlates. . Journal of Speech, Language and Hearing Research , 41: : 123.–.

[CIT0014] . Family responsibilities ‐ How are they shared in European Households?. . Statistics in Focus, Population and Social Conditions, , : : 5. Eurostat 1997.

[CIT0015] Fraser , N. (1995). . From Redistribution to Recognition? Dilemmas of Justice in a “Post‐Socialisf” Age. . New Left Review , 212: : 68.–.

[CIT0016] Fredriksson , C. (2001). . Att lära sig leva med hörsel‐nedsättning sett ur ett parperspektiv [Couples Learning to Live with Hearing Impairment]. , Linköping and ÖrebroInstitute for Disability Research. . Diss. No 4.

[CIT0017] Garland Thomson , IL (1997). . . “Feminist Theory, the Body, and the Disabled Figure”. . In The Disability Studies Reader. , Edited by: Davis . [city: London]: : Routledge. .

[CIT0018] Goffman , E. (1984a). . The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life. , [city: Harmondsworth]: : Penguin. .

[CIT0019] Goffman , E. (1984b). . Stigma. Notes on the Management of Spoiled Identity. , [city: Harmondsworth]: : Penguin. .

[CIT0020] Goffman , E. (1967). . Interaction Ritual. , [city: New York]: : Anchor Books. .

[CIT0021] Gullacksen , AC. (2002). . När hörsein sviktar. Om livsomställning och rehabilitering [When Hearing Funches. On Changes in Life and Rehabilitation]. , [city: Malmö]: : HAREC. .

[CIT0022] Gullacksen , AC. (1993). . Hörselskadade i arbetslivet ‐ Ett stress/kontrollperspektiv [Hearing Impaired in Working Life ‐ A Stress/Control Perspective]. , [city: Lund]: : Socialhögskolan. .

[CIT0023] Hallberg , R‐M (2002). . . “En riktig karl tål lite buller [A real man can take noise]. ”. In Arbetsliv och funktionshinder. , Edited by: Sjöberg , M. [city: Lund]: : Studentlit‐teratur. .

[CIT0024] Hallberg , R‐M. (1996). . Occupational hearing loss: Coping and Family Life. . Scandinavian Audiol‐ogy , 25((Suppl 43)): : 25.–.

[CIT0025] Hallberg , R‐M. and Barrenäs , M‐L. (1997). . Living with a male with a noise‐induced hearing loss: experiences from the perspective of spouses. . British Journal of Audiology , 27: : 255.–.

[CIT0026] Hallberg , R‐M. and Barrenäs , M‐L. (1995). . Coping with noise‐induced hearing loss: experiences from the perspective of middle‐aged male victims. . British Journal of Audiology , 29: : 219.–.

[CIT0027] Hallberg , R‐M and Jansson , G. (1996). . Women with noise‐induced hearing loss: an invisible group?. . British Journal of Audiology , 30: : 340.–.

[CIT0028] Helmius , G. (2000). . “Handikapp och kön. Arbete och sexualitet i kvinnors vardag [Impairment and gender. Work and Sexuality in Every Day Life of Women]. ”. In Handikapp. Synsätt, principer, perspektiv. , Edited by: Tideman , M. [city: Lund]: : Studentlitteratur. .

[CIT0029] Honneth , A. (1995). . The Struggle for Recognition. , [city: Cambridge]: : Polity Press. .

[CIT0030] Härenstam , A. , Westberg , H , Karlqvist , L. , Leijon , O. , Rydbeck , A. , Waldenström , K. , Wiklund , P. , Nise , G. and Jansson , C. (2000). . Hur kan könsskillnader i arbets‐ och livsvillkor förstås? [How can gender differences in work and living conditions be understood? ]. , Arbete och Hälsa 2000:15[city: Stockholm]: : National Institute for Working Life. .

[CIT0031] Johnson , J.V. (1986). . The Impact of Workplace Social Support. , Report 1/86[city: Stockholm]: : Stockholm University. . Dept of Psychology..

[CIT0032] Karasek , R. and Theorell , T. (1990). . Healthy Work Stress, Productivity and the Reconstruction of Working Life. , [city: New York]: : Basic Books. .

[CIT0033] Layder , D. (1997). . Modern Social Theories. , [city: London]: : UCL Press. .

[CIT0034] Moss , P. (1999). . “Autobiographical notes on chronic illness. ”. In Mind and Body Spaces. Geographies of illness, impairment and disability. , Edited by: Butler , R. and Parr , H. [city: London and New York]: : Routledge. .

[CIT0035] Parr , H. (1999). . “Bodies and psychiatric medicine: interpreting different geographies of mental health. ”. In Mind and Body Spaces. Geographies of illness, impairment and disability. , Edited by: Butler , R and Parr , H. [city: London and New York]: : Routledge. .

[CIT0036] Roman , C. (1994). . Lika på olika villkor. Könssegregering i kunskapsföretag. [Equal on Unequal Terms. Gendersegregation in Knowl‐edgebased Firms]. , [city: Stockholm]: : Symposion Graduale. .

[CIT0037] Schaufeli , W. and Enzmann , D. (1998). . The burnout companion to study and practice: a critical analysis. , [city: London]: : Taylor & Francis. .

[CIT0038] Stephens , D. and Danemark , B. (). “Introduction. ”. In The impact of genetic hearing impairment on people. , Edited by: Stephens , D. and Jones , L. [city: London]: : Whurr Publ.. . (in press)..

[CIT0039] Swedish Government Official Report SOU 2002:5 Handlingsplan för ökad hälsa i arbetslivet [Strategy towards Increased Health in Working Life]..

[CIT0040] Swedish Government Official Report SOU 2001:56 Funktionshinder och välfärd [Impairment and Welfare]..

[CIT0041] Swedish Work Environment Authority & Statistics Sweden (2002). . . Arbetsmiljön 2001 [The Work Environment 2001]. , Statistiskt Meddelande AM68 SM0201[city: Stockholm]: : Arbetsmüjöverket & Statistiska centralbyrån. .

[CIT0042] Swedish Work Environment Authority & Statistics Sweden (2001). . . Negativ stress och ohälsa [Negative stress and illness]. , Information om Uthildning och Arbetsmarknad 2001:2[city: Stockholm]: : Arbetsmiljöverket och Statistiska Centralbyrån. .

[CIT0043] Statistics Sweden (2003a). . . Funktionshindrade 1988–1999 [Disabled 1988–1999]. , Levnads‐förhållanden, Rapport 97[city: Stockholm]: : Statistics Sweden. .

[CIT0044] Statistics Sweden (2003b). . . Tid för vardagsliv [Time for everyday life]. , Levnadsförhållanden, Rapport 99[city: Stockhohn]: : Statistics Sweden. .

[CIT0045] Thomas , C. (2002). . “Disability Theory: Key Ideas, Issues and Thinkers. ”. In Disability Studies Today. , Edited by: Barnes , C. , Oliver , M. and Barton , L. [city: Cambridge and Oxford]: : Polity Press. .

[CIT0046] Thomas , C. (1999). . Female Forms. Experiencing and understanding disability. , [city: Buckingham]: : Open University Press. .

[CIT0047] Wendell , S. (1997). . “Towards a Feminist Theory of Disability. ”. In The Disability Studies Reader. , Edited by: Davis . [city: London]: : Routledge. .

[CIT0048] World Health Organisation (2001). . . International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health,

[CIT0049] Åberg , B. (2001). . Samarbete på könsblandade ar‐betsplatser [Co‐operation in Gender‐mixed Workplaces]. , [city: Örebro]: : Örebro Studies in Sociology 1. .

Reading: Hearing impairment, working life conditions, and gender

Original Articles

Hearing impairment, working life conditions, and gender

Authors:

Lotta Coniavitis Gellerstedt ,

Swedish Institute of Disability Research, Örebro University, Sweden, SE

About Lotta Coniavitis

X close

Berth Danermark

Head of the Swedish Institute of Disability Research, Örebro University, Sweden, SE

About Berth

X close

Abstract

References